家用空調器(qi)不制(zhi)熱的現象有兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)：制(zhi)冷正常，但不制(zhi)熱;制(zhi)冷與制(zhi)熱效果均(jun)差(cha)。家電制(zhi)冷維修工當遇到上述兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)情況(kuang)時，應如何檢(jian)修呢(ni)?

一、空調器制冷正常，但不(bu)制熱故(gu)障的(de)檢(jian)修

空調(diao)器制(zhi)冷正常(chang)，但不制(zhi)熱的故障(zhang)，常(chang)常(chang)出現(xian)以下(xia)幾(ji)種情(qing)況。

1.對于(yu)KFR型(xing)空(kong)調器，若(ruo)制(zhi)冷正常(chang)，而不制(zhi)熱(re)，其故障主要發生在四通電磁(ci)閥或其控制(zhi)電路。

某空調器不(bu)(bu)能制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)熱(re)，但(dan)始終制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)，測量四通(tong)(tong)電(dian)磁(ci)閥(fa)線(xian)(xian)(xian)圈兩端電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)值，結果為(wei)無窮(qiong)大(da)，說明線(xian)(xian)(xian)圈有開路(lu)，經查(cha)是(shi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)圈根部斷線(xian)(xian)(xian)，焊接(jie)(jie)好后試機，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)熱(re)恢(hui)復正常(chang)(chang)。某華寶KFR-30W空調器制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)正常(chang)(chang)，但(dan)置(zhi)于制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)熱(re)狀態時，四通(tong)(tong)電(dian)磁(ci)閥(fa)有電(dian)磁(ci)聲，但(dan)不(bu)(bu)動(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)。測四通(tong)(tong)閥(fa)兩端電(dian)壓，結果低(di)于220V許多，說明四通(tong)(tong)閥(fa)是(shi)因供(gong)電(dian)電(dian)壓不(bu)(bu)足，產(chan)生(sheng)磁(ci)力不(bu)(bu)夠，引起動(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)失(shi)靈而(er)無法制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)熱(re)。經查(cha)是(shi)與四通(tong)(tong)閥(fa)線(xian)(xian)(xian)圈串聯的控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)繼(ji)電(dian)器觸(chu)(chu)點接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)不(bu)(bu)良，電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)增大(da)，致使電(dian)壓降低(di)。處理接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)觸(chu)(chu)點后，空調器恢(hui)復制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)熱(re)。

2.對(dui)于KFD型電(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)式(shi)空(kong)調器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，若制冷(leng)(leng)正常(chang)，不能(neng)制熱(re)(re)(re)，其(qi)故障主要出現在電(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)及其(qi)供電(dian)回(hui)路(lu)的(de)交流接觸器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、溫(wen)控(kong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)超(chao)溫(wen)熔(rong)斷器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。如(ru)某電(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)式(shi)空(kong)調器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不能(neng)制熱(re)(re)(re)，但(dan)制冷(leng)(leng)正常(chang)。在斷電(dian)狀態下(xia)，測得(de)電(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)電(dian)阻絲完好，熔(rong)斷器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)也正常(chang)，判斷是溫(wen)控(kong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)失(shi)靈(ling)。用導線將溫(wen)控(kong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)觸點短接試機，制熱(re)(re)(re)正常(chang)。更換新的(de)同(tong)型號(hao)溫(wen)控(kong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)后，故障排除。

3 .對于采用PTC發熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元件(jian)來制(zhi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)的(de)(de)空(kong)調(diao)器(qi)，如寶華KTQ-3DⅡ型空(kong)調(diao)器(qi)，若制(zhi)冷正常(chang)，不能(neng)制(zhi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)的(de)(de)原因(yin)是PTC發熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元件(jian)沒有工作。在斷電的(de)(de)狀態下(xia)，測量PTC發熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元件(jian)，發現(xian)其(qi)并(bing)沒有損壞，但(dan)固(gu)定引線(xian)的(de)(de)兩螺母已銹蝕(shi)，估(gu)計是因(yin)螺母銹蝕(shi)造(zao)成PTC與外接(jie)(jie)線(xian)間接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)不良。但(dan)更換新螺母后試機仍不制(zhi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)，再(zai)查(cha)是加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)開關(guan)損壞，觸(chu)點已燒毀(hui)，更換后，故障排除。

 4.某三洋冷(leng)暖兩用熱泵(beng)式空調器，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)正(zheng)常，但制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)熱效果差，起(qi)初懷疑(yi)是電磁閥(fa)或控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)線路問題。經(jing)檢查均正(zheng)常，仔細檢查發現，室(shi)內(nei)外機(ji)組的兩根連接管被貼在一(yi)起(qi)保(bao)溫。制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)運行(xing)時(shi)，液(ye)(ye)管、氣(qi)(qi)管中(zhong)分別是流向相反的低(di)溫液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)和(he)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑;制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)熱運行(xing)時(shi)，氣(qi)(qi)管中(zhong)是制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)壓縮(suo)機(ji)排出的高溫制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)，而液(ye)(ye)管中(zhong)是常溫制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)。若氣(qi)(qi)、液(ye)(ye)管一(yi)起(qi)保(bao)溫，會使氣(qi)(qi)管中(zhong)的制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)，在未進(jin)入室(shi)內(nei)機(ji)之前就向液(ye)(ye)管中(zhong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)放熱，使進(jin)入室(shi)內(nei)機(ji)后的放熱量減少，造成制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)熱能力(li)降(jiang)低(di)。將氣(qi)(qi)、液(ye)(ye)管分開(kai)并單獨保(bao)溫后，故障排除。

二、制(zhi)冷、制(zhi)熱效果均(jun)差的(de)故障(zhang)檢修

造成空調器制(zhi)冷、制(zhi)熱失效或效果(guo)差(cha)的主要(yao)原因是：制(zhi)冷劑泄漏、制(zhi)冷系統臟堵、液氣管保溫不好、四通電磁(ci)閥串(chuan)氣及(ji)壓縮機效率降低等。

某海信KFR-25GW空調器(qi)不制熱，制冷(leng)(leng)效果(guo)也(ye)偏差。經檢查氣管(guan)壓力為0.7MP，電流(liu)為4.5A左右，管(guan)路(lu)及(ji)各(ge)連接件均(jun)無(wu)泄漏，懷(huai)疑(yi)是臟堵。利用強(qiang)制制冷(leng)(leng)充排污方(fang)法(fa)，無(wu)效。拆開(kai)(kai)室外(wai)機(ji)組外(wai)殼，找(zhao)到四通(tong)換向閥(fa)接線后(hou)，開(kai)(kai)機(ji)使壓縮機(ji)運(yun)轉，然(ran)后(hou)，人為地使四通(tong)閥(fa)頻繁通(tong)、斷電幾(ji)分鐘，對管(guan)道進(jin)行(xing)正反沖(chong)，待有較(jiao)強(qiang)的氣流(liu)沖(chong)擊聲時(shi)，說明(ming)臟堵沖(chong)開(kai)(kai)。若以上方(fang)法(fa)無(wu)效，應沖(chong)入高壓氮氣進(jin)行(xing)沖(chong)堵，或加入四氯化碳(tan)清洗管(guan)路(lu)。

某空調(diao)器(qi)(qi)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)、制(zhi)(zhi)熱(re)均失效(xiao)。將制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)系統(tong)的充氣管割開，排(pai)(pai)出(chu)的制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)劑很少，說明制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)系統(tong)有泄(xie)漏(lou)(lou)。沖入(ru)高壓氮氣進(jin)行檢漏(lou)(lou)，查得壓縮(suo)機排(pai)(pai)氣管有一處出(chu)現裂縫(feng)。焊(han)補(bu)裂縫(feng)后，打(da)壓試漏(lou)(lou)、抽真(zhen)空試漏(lou)(lou)，沖注制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)劑后，空調(diao)器(qi)(qi)恢復正常(chang)工作。若空調(diao)器(qi)(qi)液、氣管保溫(wen)不(bu)好，也會引(yin)起制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)、制(zhi)(zhi)熱(re)效(xiao)果(guo)不(bu)良(liang)。如(ru)遇此(ci)種情況(kuang)，可重(zhong)新(xin)保溫(wen)即(ji)可排(pai)(pai)除故障。若以上故障已排(pai)(pai)除，空調(diao)器(qi)(qi)仍然(ran)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)、制(zhi)(zhi)熱(re)效(xiao)果(guo)差，則可判斷壓縮(suo)機失效(xiao)或效(xiao)率降低。遇到此(ci)種情況(kuang)，則可視(shi)情節輕重(zhong)，采用(yong)修理(li)或更(geng)換壓縮(suo)機的方法進(jin)行檢修。